By tradition, at the regular reporting session of the General Assembly of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine on April 23, 2026, the winners of the competition for the highest award of the Academy – the V.I. Vernadsky Gold Medal – were honored.
Let us recall that in honor of the first president of the Ukrainian Academy of Sciences (now the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine), the outstanding scientist academician Volodymyr Ivanovych Vernadsky, and on the occasion of its 85th anniversary, the NAS of Ukraine established the highest award of the Academy – the V.I. Vernadsky Gold Medal. It recognizes scientists for outstanding achievements in the fields of natural, technical, and social-humanitarian sciences. Every year, on the birthday of academician V.I. Vernadsky (March 12), two gold medals are awarded – one to a Ukrainian and one to a foreign scientist.
As we have already reported, based on the results of the 2025 competition, these awards were granted to academician of the NAS of Ukraine Mykola Zhulynskyi and foreign member of the NAS of Ukraine Marko Pavlyshyn (Australia) – for their significant contribution to the development of Ukrainian literary studies and its establishment abroad.
The President of the NAS of Ukraine, academician of the NAS of Ukraine Anatolii Zahorodnii, on behalf of all participants of the Academy’s General Assembly session, congratulated the laureates on this honorable award, wished them further creative success, and presented the medals and diplomas.
Afterwards, the laureates delivered scientific reports.
First, the floor was given to academician of the NAS of Ukraine Mykola Zhulynskyi:
"Dear academic community!
It is a great honor for me to speak before you today with words of gratitude for awarding me the V.I. Vernadsky Gold Medal of the NAS of Ukraine. And to think aloud why precisely now, in these harsh times of existential trial for the country and the people, I – a humanitarian, a literary scholar – and my Australian colleague, also a literary scholar Marko Pavlyshyn, were destined to receive the highest award of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine.
I believe it is because the President of the NAS of Ukraine and the Presidium of the NAS of Ukraine, who made this decision, sought through this recognition of humanitarians to emphasize that the humanitarian potential of Ukraine, primarily Ukrainian culture, science, education, literature, and art, has played and continues to play an important role in successfully opposing Evil, which is Russian aggressive totalitarianism, despite serious mistakes in state-building and catastrophic losses of human capital.
And when we speak about mistakes in state-building in such difficult times for Ukraine, one of them was insufficient, or rather inconsistent and unsystematic state humanitarian policy. And how can one not recall the harshly painful verdict expressed by Lina Kostenko in the early 1990s: 'They rolled Ukraine to the abyss.' To avoid falling into this abyss, that is, to not lose the main thing – restored statehood – Lina Kostenko at that time proposed not only to conduct a deep self-analysis, i.e., objectively assess the situation in which the young state with a millennial history found itself, but also to present the world with an undistorted image of itself, of Ukraine.
In her lecture delivered at the National University 'Kyiv-Mohyla Academy' on September 1, 1999, 'The Humanitarian Aura of the Nation, or the Defect of the Main Mirror,' the outstanding poetess used the image of a cosmic telescope as the main mirror, in which, thanks to an accurate system of mirrors and reflections, the objective image of the nation, its face, is focused and reflected.
'In a figurative sense, such a telescope,' emphasized Lina Kostenko, 'with such a system of mirrors, in every nation, in every society, should be the entire complex of humanitarian sciences, including literature, education, and art – and in the complex spectrum of these mirrors and reflections, society can have an objective picture of itself and provide the world with undistorted information about itself, focused in the main mirror' [Lina Kostenko. The Humanitarian Aura of the Nation, or the Defect of the Main Mirror. Kyiv. Publishing House "KM Academia". 1999 – pp. 12-13].
Ukraine should have objectively assessed the situation from the very first days of independence, the poetess believed, and immediately 'develop its humanitarian policy, its strategy and priorities' [Ibid. – p. 14]. And therefore, first and foremost, return to its people 'its history, its language, its culture' – all that 'which for centuries the empire destroyed as defining factors of its national identity' [Ibid. – p. 28]. In this regard, humanitarian sciences, such as culture, literature, and art, played an extraordinarily important role.
I was struck that during the awarding of the Honorary Doctor diploma of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine to Lina Kostenko by the President of the NAS of Ukraine Anatolii Zahorodnii on her birthday on March 19 this year, the sincerely moved 96-year-old Lina Vasylivna asked Anatolii Hlibovych: 'How are things with the humanitarian sciences at the Academy?' During this brief conversation with the nationally renowned poetess, Anatolii Hlibovych recalled the lecture 'The Humanitarian Aura of the Nation, or the Defect of the Main Mirror,' in which Lina Kostenko, with brilliant and refined erudition, discussed the state of self-awareness of the Ukrainian nation and the reasons for its inadequate perception by the world community.
Thus, awarding the title of Honorary Doctor of the NAS of Ukraine to the outstanding Ukrainian poetess Lina Kostenko, who is now an indisputable nationwide moral authority, also testifies to the emphasis by the National Academy of Sciences on the need to rethink Ukraine’s humanitarian policy at the current stage. And our Academy has every right to raise this issue before the authorities, since academic scientists already participated in the early years of Independence in developing concepts for the humanitarian development of Ukraine. And many of these were prepared and submitted to almost every President of Ukraine, the Verkhovna Rada, and the government, but none of these concepts were considered or adopted for implementation.
I will recall at least one, by no means the last, Concept for the Development of the Humanitarian Sphere, developed with dominant participation of academic institutions’ scientists in fulfillment of the Presidential Decree of Ukraine dated January 21, 2000. This concept was reviewed and approved by the Presidium of the National Academy of Sciences and submitted to the Presidential Administration. But it was not approved. And do you know why? I am convinced it was because the first section of the concept was titled 'Ideology of State-Building.' The authors of this section, as well as the entire concept, substantiated that the absence of a purposeful state ideological policy led to the disorientation of Ukrainian society, so the need arose and, most importantly, became necessary to develop a system of value orientations, the core of which was defined as the idea of national-state building, the formation of Ukrainian society as a 'continuous cultural organism' (Ivan Franko).
In essence, this Concept for the Development of the Humanitarian Sphere of Ukraine, as well as the latest one developed in the first years of the full-scale Russian invasion of Ukraine by the National Academy of Sciences under the leadership of NAS Vice-President Serhii Pyrozhkov, titled 'Concept for the Development of the Humanitarian Sphere during Martial Law and Post-War Recovery,' was submitted precisely on the optimal unity of human-centered, nation-centered, and state-centered models of socio-political development. Incidentally, the fourth section of this academic Concept, which, I repeat, was implemented during the first two years of the war, is titled: 'Development of the Spiritual-Cultural and Worldview Potential of the Person: Language, Literature, and Art.'
We remember: on the very first day of the full-scale invasion, Putin defined the goals of aggression: 'demilitarization' and 'denazification' of Ukraine. The aggressor has achieved neither of these goals. On the contrary, today Ukraine has perhaps the most powerful combat-ready army in Europe, a dynamically developing defense industry, and a consolidated society with a high patriotic potential.
Ukraine’s becoming a key participant in guaranteeing Europe’s security, as it is now one of the world leaders in the field of unmanned warfare, was significantly influenced by the National Academy of Sciences. It is known that scientific-analytical materials prepared by NAS of Ukraine experts on behalf of the National Security and Defense Council of Ukraine, which includes the President of the NAS of Ukraine Anatolii Zahorodnii, on issues of national security and defense in economic, scientific-technological, social-humanitarian, and other spheres, were effectively used to strengthen national resilience under wartime conditions. Academic scientists proposed a number of innovative solutions in military technologies – from unmanned aerial vehicles, new types of missiles, robotic systems to electronic warfare, cybersecurity, and security of intelligent systems, which largely provided Ukraine with a strategic advantage.
'But our real advantage,' asserts academician of the NAS of Ukraine Mykhailo Zgurovskyi, 'is not just in technologies. It is in the humanitarian sphere' [Svitohliad. No. 4 (114), 2025. – p. 41]. The public organization 'Ukrainian Peace Council,' headed by academician Mykhailo Zgurovskyi, proposed an Action Program aimed at finding ways to achieve sustainable peace and post-war revival of Ukraine.
The Russian aggressor was not destined to demilitarize Ukraine or denazify it – we stood firm, preserved national unity and solidarity, moral dignity, demonstrated effective mutual support under martial law, achieved a strategic victory, and now must take care of Ukraine’s post-war future, for which a new model of national existence and a new program of post-war national revival are needed. This Action Program, which in some measure 'resonates' with the academic 'Concept for the Development of the Humanitarian Sphere during Martial Law and Post-War Recovery,' states: 'The future Ukraine must become a country of a new type – simultaneously a high-tech and humanitarian state that combines moral dignity with technological capability, culture and education of peace – with a strong security infrastructure' [Ibid. – p. 40]. Such a future Ukraine can 'become a co-creator of the new humanitarian architecture of the world' [Ibid.].
Despite unfavorable conditions (martial law, significant underfunding), our Academy, like sectoral academies, has significantly contributed to the development of the intellectual and spiritual potential of society, which largely determined our strategic advantage in the military confrontation with the empire of Evil. And in modern conditions, as we have already been able to ascertain, intellectual potential and scientific-technological innovations have become important factors in forming conscious national self-identification.
It is also obvious that in the post-war creation of a country of a new type – a renewed humanitarian state – humanitarian sciences must acquire special significance, since, as the war has shown, humanitarian development policy must be considered from the perspective of state security.
The war accelerated Ukraine’s acquisition of geopolitical civilizational subjectivity, transformed it into an advanced bastion of resistance to planetary Evil, elevated and spread its name across the planet – the voice of Ukraine has gained authoritative and often dominant resonance and significance in interstate communication.
Since Ukraine has now gained worldwide recognition as a state that already dynamically influences the formation of the new world order, we should now direct the nation’s main mirror, as Lina Kostenko once proposed, primarily to the world – to reveal ourselves, our culture, language, literature, art, history to the world and thereby accelerate Ukraine’s full integration into the global community. After all, the war unleashed and continued against Ukraine by the neo-totalitarian Russian regime is a civilizational war that defined for us two most important values: national security and national identity. Therefore, post-war revival of Ukraine will involve forming a new or, rather, renewed self-assertion based on culture, unifying society through national values and priorities.
In this regard, the state has made significant steps, in particular, the 'Strategy for the Development of Culture until 2030' was adopted, and despite martial law and funding problems, state policy in the field of culture is being implemented. For example, the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine is launching the National Program for Supporting Ukrainian Culture this month. The state will invest in the production of specifically Ukrainian products – cinema, theater, music, digital projects, which will activate the formation of a nation-centered socio-cultural environment.
The Ministry of Culture of Ukraine is initiating, together with partners, the Conference of Ukrainian Studies 'Ukraine in the World,' which will become a kind of meeting platform for Ukrainianists worldwide. The Ukrainian Book Institute actively implements state policy in publishing and reading, in particular developing a translation support program. 'In six years, foreign publishers from 47 countries have benefited from this support; classical and contemporary Ukrainian books have been translated into 34 languages,' recently reported Deputy Minister of Culture of Ukraine Bohdana Laiuk, noting that among the main priorities of the Ministry of Culture’s work are strengthening the positions of Ukrainian books, expanding the space of the Ukrainian language, supporting bookstores and libraries, and competing for Ukrainian studies departments in prestigious universities worldwide.
In essence, for us, that is, for Ukraine devastated by Russian aggression, a new model of national existence is indeed needed now, I repeat, and we must already prepare a new, significantly lost in the war most valuable resource – the national spiritual and intellectual elite, educated and creative young people.
The long-standing, no – several centuries-long humanitarian and armed aggression of Muscovy-Russia, especially the recent full-scale invasion aimed at destroying Ukrainian identity and statehood, convinces us that in such times of historical trials it is impossible to withstand and win without national unity and military power of the state. 'In such a situation, in any, but especially in such,' Lina Kostenko emphasized more than a quarter of a century ago, 'the state must have a well-thought-out humanitarian policy, create mechanisms of effective influence, coordinate the efforts of its scientists and artists' [Lina Kostenko. The Humanitarian Aura of the Nation, or the Defect of the Main Mirror. – p. 22].
It is obvious that the state is obliged to implement precisely a Ukraine-centered socio-humanitarian policy in the linguistic-cultural, scientific-educational, and informational spheres, to form effective mechanisms for protecting the humanitarian security of citizens, society, and the state. After all, building a national state consolidated by spiritual energy with internal solidarity of all citizens of the country is possible primarily thanks to humanitarian potential. Humanitarian sciences and humanitarian education are important guardians of democratization and consolidation of society.
Therefore, in our opinion, the question should be raised about introducing culture, science, education, intellect, and the formation of a national socio-humanitarian space as a state strategic priority, namely the creation of new social solidarity in Ukraine.
Ukraine now faces an important problem: the need for dynamic modernization of Ukrainian society in the context of dramatic challenges, which arose primarily due to Russian aggression against Ukraine and the destruction of the post-war security architecture.
We must remember that Putin’s Russia is deliberately trying to integrate residents of temporarily occupied territories by eliminating Ukrainian identity, displacing the Ukrainian language, and falsifying the rewriting of national history. This goal is clearly defined in the recently approved Russian Federation 'Strategy of National Policy until 2036.' It defines the Russian people as a 'state-forming nation,' and the 'core of the civilizational code' as the Russian language and culture. Essentially, Russia plans and implements the transformation of a multinational federation into 'one people' through assimilation, suppression, and destruction of the identities of other nations and peoples, except for the Russian 'state-forming' one. The neo-imperial totalitarian Russia envisaged the same fate for the Ukrainian people.
It is known that only those nations and societies that are endowed with modern culture of historical memory, high spirituality, powerful humanitarian potential, and intellectual capital, filled with faith in the uniqueness of their own civilizational image and vocation, are capable of influencing the formation of a new paradigm of development and world civilization. The humanitarian potential of the Ukrainian nation, I have no doubt, will be the main productive force in the 21st century in choosing our future civilizational progress.
Reflecting on the future Ukrainian Academy of Sciences, its first president Volodymyr Vernadsky emphasized the priority of a Ukraine-centered model of development of Ukrainian academic science: 'It is important to create a strong center of scientific research of the Ukrainian people, its history, its language, the nature of Ukraine.'
Therefore, I want to conclude my speech with the words of the founder of our Academy, whose name this highest award of the NAS of Ukraine – the Gold Medal – bears. These words, which I am convinced we all share today, Volodymyr Vernadsky wrote at the end of his life: 'I believe in the great future of Ukraine and the Ukrainian Academy of Sciences…'
Glory to Ukraine!"
Next, foreign member of the NAS of Ukraine, professor Marko Pavlyshyn delivered a report titled "Development of Ukrainian Studies and Scientific Activity of Ukrainians in Australia":
"Highly respected Mr. President of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, esteemed members and corresponding members of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, esteemed ladies and gentlemen!
I have the great honor today to receive the V.I. Vernadsky Gold Medal. I highly appreciate this mark of recognition. I consider it a gesture of approval of the activities of Ukrainianists outside Ukraine. Therefore, I propose to tell about the development of scientific activity of Ukrainian scholars, including Ukrainianists, in the country most familiar to me – Australia.
The material naturally fits into three periods: the 1950s–1960s, when the Scientific Society named after Shevchenko was the center of attraction for newly arrived scholars; the 1970s–2000s, the period of creation and activity of Ukrainian studies programs in two Australian universities – Monash and Macquarie; and the current stage, when Ukrainian studies is established at the University of Melbourne.
In 1948–1952, Australia accepted migrants of various nationalities from post-war displaced persons camps in Central Europe, among them 21 thousand Ukrainians. Among them were scientists, including a member of the Shevchenko Scientific Society, Shevchenko scholar Yevhen Yulii Pelenskyi, who founded the Shevchenko Scientific Society of Australia in Sydney in 1950. Similar branches of the Shevchenko Scientific Society were formed in other countries where Ukrainians settled.
In post-war Australia, it was not easy for newcomers to get their qualifications recognized. It was somewhat easier for adherents of exact and applied sciences. Such were electrical power researcher Pavlo Shulezhko, who soon became a professor at the University of Rochester in the USA, chemist Taras Yaskievych, author of many patents, zoologist Roman Mykytovych, whose research helped limit damage to Australian agriculture from wild rabbits, and Yurii Semkiv, founding member of a laboratory at the University of Melbourne that developed the first computer in Australia.
Humanitarians were less fortunate, generally having to work outside their profession. Among them were orientalist Yevhen Zavalynskyi, sociologist Ivan Rybchyn, and Germanist Teodosii Liakhovych. Among the figures of the Shevchenko Scientific Society of that time was church historian, UGCC bishop Ivan Prashko. This generation of Shevchenko Scientific Society members created the book 'Ukrainians in Australia,' an invaluable source on the history of the first fifteen years of the Ukrainian diaspora community on the fifth continent. The book was commissioned and published by the Union of Ukrainian Organizations of Australia, with Liakhovych as the head of the editorial board.
The second volume of 'Ukrainians in Australia' was already the fruit of cooperation between the first generation and authors formed by Australian education and integrated into the general Australian scientific and social life. Among them were mathematical statistician Yevhen Seneta, economist Ihor Hordiev, information technology specialist Ihor Havryshkevych, and literary scholars Halyna Kosharska and myself. This combination of generational cohorts was responsible for a series of conferences 'Ukrainian Settlement in Australia' and for the fourth volume of the Encyclopedia of the Ukrainian Diaspora (Australia, Asia, Africa) – the 1995 edition under the joint aegis of the Shevchenko Scientific Society of America and the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine.
In the 1970s, a new area of Ukrainian scientific activity developed in Australia. In the context of the Cold War, the organized Ukrainian diaspora, mainly in the USA and Canada, was concerned about the Russocentrism of Western Slavic studies and other fields of science about Eastern Europe and the Soviet Union – and the parallel lack of attention to Ukraine. Fundraising campaigns to ensure Ukrainian presence in Western universities led to the establishment of the Ukrainian Research Institute at Harvard University in 1973 and the Canadian Institute of Ukrainian Studies in 1976. Australia did not stand aside from this movement. Linguist Yaroslav Rudnytskyi, professor of Slavic studies at the University of Manitoba in Canada, visiting Australia in the 1970s, promoted the idea of creating a Ukrainian studies department at one of the Australian universities. He found an ally in Jiří Marvan, head of Slavic studies at Monash University. Among public figures, Rudnytskyi inspired the editor of the Sydney weekly 'Vilna Dumka,' who, together with like-minded people, created the Foundation of Ukrainian Studies of Australia. FUSA founded the Center for Ukrainian Studies at Macquarie University in Sydney, where courses in Ukrainian language and culture have been taught since 1984. The Center was headed by Natalia Pazuniak, a linguist from the USA, and later by literary scholar Halyna Kosharska.
A year earlier, the Ukrainian program started at Monash University. Jiří Marvan secured support from the head of the Ukrainian Central School Council of Australia, Tetiana Slipetska, and the head of the Ukrainian community of Victoria (UHV), Stepan Lysenko. The concept of the program’s structure and funding was presented to the university by economist Mykhailo Liubomyr Lavrinskyi, and in 1982 the UHV contractually committed to pay for the position of Ukrainian language and literature lecturer, which I took.
In communication with state and university authorities, representatives of the Ukrainian community used the then-convincing discourse of multiculturalism, but the Ukrainian programs at Monash and Macquarie universities became possible thanks to hundreds of generally small donations from patriotic citizens.
In the first decades of their existence, the courses at Monash and Macquarie were attended by leaders and teachers of Ukrainian Saturday schools, youth organization leaders, priests, and future members of the leadership of Ukrainian organizations. The development of both centers was similar. Three-year courses for matriculants and beginners unfolded, later – master’s and PhD diploma programs. Research activities also developed in parallel. Halyna Kosharska and I had similar ideas about literary topics relevant to our place and time. This was Ukrainian literature and culture in Australia, but primarily – literature of modern Ukraine, whose creators, as is known, were among the prominent figures of the dissident movement and, since the late 1980s, activists of the restoration of Ukraine’s statehood aspirations.
In 1988, the Ukrainian program at Monash University received permanent status. On this occasion, it was named after poet and literary scholar Mykola Zerov.
With the deepening of scientific ties between Western countries and Ukraine, there arose a need for a new association of Ukrainianists that could join the newly created International Association of Ukrainianists (IAU). The Association of Ukrainianists of Australia, established in 1990, was represented at the memorable last year’s First Congress of the IAU by a delegation of four members, two of whom were graduate students.
The period of Ukraine’s Independence was the time of the emergence in Ukrainian humanitarian studies of the conceptual system of postcolonial studies. My articles played a role here, later combined into the book 'Canon and Iconostasis,' as well as publications by graduate students Anna Berehuliak and Petro Savchak. Later, the Association of Ukrainianists held a series of conferences on contemporary Ukraine together with the Shevchenko Scientific Society.
Scientific ties developed with the Institute of Literature of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, opportunities arose for Australian students to study at Lviv University and later at the Ukrainian Catholic University, internships were created for young scientists, some of whom became authorities in their disciplines – among them literary scholar Tamara Hundorova, now a corresponding member of the Academy, and historians Serhii Yekelchyk, Heorhii Kasyanov, and Andrii Zaiarnyuk.
There were problems with both funding and the level of demand for Ukrainian courses. The flow of students of Ukrainian origin decreased, and beginner students without prior knowledge of the language usually studied no more than one or two years. 2008 was the last year when Ukrainian courses were taught at Macquarie University.
Ukrainian studies at Monash University, however, after the Revolution of Dignity entered a golden age thanks to the patronage of Viktor and Maria Rudevych, who donated one and a half million Australian dollars for its support. The donation enabled the creation of a fellowship for a young scientist, which was awarded to Dmitro Yesypenko, an employee of the Manuscript Funds and Textology Department of the Institute of Literature of the Academy, as well as two scholarships for graduate students pursuing a PhD. The scholarship holders were lawyer Olga Shmigelska and junior researcher of the Institute of Oriental Studies of the Academy Denys Shestopalets. The Center named after Zerov was headed by literary scholar Alessandro Achilli from Italy.
In cooperation with the Ukrainian community of Victoria, an initiative to organize the archive of the UHV developed, which today serves as a base for several research projects on the history of the local diaspora community.
The peak of this flourishing stage was the 2018 conference 'Ukraine and the World: Culture, Politics, Society,' held at the library of Monash University.
The COVID-19 pandemic ended the Ukrainian studies program at Monash University. Along with other courses with few students, the Ukrainian language and culture program was closed at the end of 2020. Only the Ukrainian collection in the university library continues to be supplemented thanks to the legacy of patron Ada Booth. In 2024–2025, the library organized a splendid exhibition 'To Hope Against Hope,' which highlighted the role of Ukrainian printed books in the centuries-old resistance to attempts to destroy Ukrainian identity.
The end of the Ukrainian program at Monash became a challenge for the Ukrainian community to restore the presence of Ukrainian studies at another university. In 2022, the Ukrainian community of Victoria signed an agreement with the University of Melbourne – ranked as the leading university in Australia by most ratings – to fund a position in Ukrainian studies, this time in the history department, not philology. The position was again named after Mykola Zerov; it was taken by historian Iryna Skubi, who defended her candidate’s thesis at Kharkiv University and her PhD at Queen’s University in Canada. Since her appointment in 2024, Iryna Skubi, besides continuing her main research on the Holodomor, has received funds for projects on the transmission of historical memory from Ukrainian first settlers to subsequent generations and on the activity of Ukrainians in Australia in supporting defenders of human rights in Ukraine in the 1970s–1980s.
At the same time, the Association of Ukrainianists of Australia, now including New Zealand, became active, organizing numerous events aimed at raising public awareness of Ukrainian issues during the full-scale invasion – symposia, webinars, and popular science events in cooperation with public organizations.
The University of Melbourne, for its part, has shown readiness to support Ukrainian studies events, including the largest Ukrainian studies conference in Australia to date, 'Independence. Archive. Forecast: Ukraine in 1991–2021 and Beyond,' which took place just a few days before the full-scale invasion. More importantly, many scholars from the University of Melbourne, including historians Mark Edele and Julie Fedor, became advocates of the so-called 'decolonization' of Slavic, Eastern European, and post-Soviet studies.
Thus, the tradition of university Ukrainian studies in Australia continues, renews, and grows. Australian Ukrainian studies remain committed to the goals they had initially: to contribute to science on issues relevant to contemporary Ukraine; to draw the attention of the scientific and public community to this topic; and to promote the preservation of Ukrainian identity among Ukrainians and people of Ukrainian descent on the fifth continent."
PRESENTATION
P.S. The press service of the NAS of Ukraine expresses sincere gratitude to academician of the NAS of Ukraine Mykola Zhulynskyi and foreign member of the NAS of Ukraine, professor Marko Pavlyshyn for the texts of their scientific reports, kindly provided for publication on the official website of the NAS of Ukraine.
Photo: press service of the NAS of Ukraine
