Спеціальній випуск журналу “Наука та інновації” присвячено проблемам розвитку сучасних технологій, інноваційного менеджменту та трансферу технологій в Центральній та Східній Європі

EMERGING TECHNOLOGIES, INNOVATION MANAGEMENT AND TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER IN CENTRAL AND EAST EUROPE

Mr. Jeno Bobrovszky. Intellectual Property Law and Biotechnological Inventions for the Countries in Transition to Market Economy.

Seth D. Levy. Accessing the Global Intellectual Property Market: Intelligent Decisions about Patent Protection.

Igor Yegorov. Innovation, R&D and Industrial Restructuring in Central and Eastern European Countries.

Norbert Buzas. The need for capacity building at universities in CEE countries for successful technology transfer.

Sandor G. Vari, James D. Laur. Research and Innovation Strategic Alliance of CedarsSinai Medical Center and Central – Eastern European (CEE) Academic Organizations.

James D. Laur, Douglas Shin, Sandor G. Vari. Patent Warehouse: Strategic Alliances for Commercialization of Intellectual Property in Central & East Europe.

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Mr. J. Bobrovszky
Intellectual property law and biotechnological inventions for the countries in transition to market economy.

Governments are competing for attracting foreign direct investment (FDI) as a form of international economic transaction which is perceived as an important source of technological, economic and social developments of the countries and as an instrument of international economic integration. The investment climate is determined by a broader environment, a set of factors, e.g. a large market size, as measured by population, per capita income (purchasing power), GDP growth rate, low trade barriers, level of privatization, candidate or membership status in the World Trade Organization (WTO), increases the confidence and attractiveness of a host country, sends positive signals to investors. On the other hand, slow market entry procedures, corruption, underdeveloped infrastructure and regional tensions all act as deterrents to foreign investments. One of the most important factors of the national policy framework determining investment environment is the strength of intellectual property protection. Empirical analysis results show that weak protection of intellectual property rights discourages foreign investors. The deterring effect of inadequate IPR regime is particularly strong in four technology-intensive sectors: drugs, cosmetics and healthcare products; chemicals; machinery and electrical equipment.

S. D. Levy
Accessing the global intellectual property market: intelligent decisions about patent protection.

Patent protection can be a tremendously useful tool for transferring technology from the research laboratory to the commercial marketplace. However, many misconceptions exist – especially in the academic world – about how to effectively and efficiently make use of patent protection. By overcoming some of the common myths and making informed decisions about when and where to pursue patent protection, research institutions and their scientists can benefit significantly. Patent protection is available across a wide range of technologies, but the availability of patent protection alone may not be a sufficient basis upon which to determine whether to pursue patent protection. This is because the mere availability of patent protection does not necessarily equate to commercial viability of the underlying technology. Thus, a further analysis of the technology's commercial potential can be quite important in making informed decisions about the patent process.

I. Yegorov
Innovation, R&D and industrial restructuring in central and eastern European countries.

The article deals with the problems of development of the R&D and innovation systems in the Central and Eastern European (CEE) countries. Despite evident positive results in economic transformation, these countries have serious problems in innovation sphere. In turn, lack of in-house R&D and innovation activities negatively affects the growth rates of national economies. Recent tendencies in innovation development in CEE countries are promising but the gap between them and developed EU countries is still substantial.

N. Buzas
The need for capacity building at universities in CEE countries for successful technology transfer.

Owing to the rapid multiplication of related information, the acceleration in its dissemination and the constant reduction in the costs of access to it, technology transfer processes have undergone significant transformation in recent years. Adaptation to the changing circumstances causes difficulties for several institutions even in countries with more developed economies and considerable traditions in innovation management. The transition economies of Central- and Eastern Europe, however, have to face the challenges of combating general economic fallback and establishing institutions that can enter the competition with the operating institutional system of modern economies. These latter ones also include effective technology transfer institutions. With the help of a case study, the present paper introduces how the main sources of technologies can be utilized and what basic measures universities should take in order to build up a successful technology transfer system.

S. G. Vari, J. D. Laur
Research and innovation strategic alliance of Cedars-Sinai medical center and central – eastern European (CEE) academic organizations.

In 2000 Cedars-Sinai Medical Center (CSMC) has developed the "Innovation Management and Technology Transfer Training" (IMTT) Program and in 2004 the "Research and Innovation Management Training" (RIMET) Program to train scientists, physicians and healthcare managers at CSMC and in Central-Eastern European (CEE) Countries in research and technology transfer management. CSMC believes that it is essential for its partner universities to have the ability to protect the intellectual advances that arise from their laboratories and to negotiate commercially appropriate licensing deals. The IMTTTM and RIMETTM programs educate and train managers in research, innovation management, business development, and licensing to build a robust intellectual property portfolio and incorporate the institutional patent portfolios into a "Joint Patent Portfolio" (JPP) to connect academic organizations throughout CEE in an "Intellectual Property WarehouseTM" (IPWTM).